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The first time I ever watched Bruce Lee was in a hotel rec room. It was 1980, I was eight, and the San Diego hotel where my family was staying had set up a projector screen next to the pool table. Enter the Dragon was playing. I’m not sure how much of the film’s storyline I followed then, but I do remember bounding out of that room, excited to practice kicks and punches. Luckily, no one had left out a spare set of nunchucks.
As was the case with many other Asian American Gen-X men, I viewed Lee with awe. He was one of the first—and only—Asian pop heroes I had ever seen. That was the gift and curse he gave to us. Lee was a generational icon, but his singular prominence in the American cultural landscape meant that many of us grew up with non-Asians constantly making jokes that compared us to him.
The duality of that experience powers the conceit of Elliott Hong’s fish-out-of-water comedy They Call Me Bruce (1982). Stand-up comedian Johnny Yune, who also cowrote the film, plays an immigrant chef working for an Italian mafioso capo named Lil Pete (Bill Capizzi). After the protagonist clumsily stops a liquor store robbery and is hailed as “Hero, Bruce Lee Look-Alike” in a local paper, Lil Pete decides to use him as a stooge to transport cocaine to various mob partners around the U.S. Bruce thinks he’s delivering parcels of his “special Chinese flour.” What follows is a road trip from Los Angeles to New York City, during which Bruce stumbles into mishap after mishap while most of the time being totally oblivious to his predicament.
In the conventional canon of Asian American cinema, you’re unlikely to find They Call Me Bruce mentioned. This is in spite of the fact that it arrived right after Wayne Wang’s lauded debut, Chan Is Missing (1982), as arguably the second Asian American feature to ever gain theatrical distribution (and probably the first to turn a substantial profit). This makes its absence from the canon all the more curious, and both They Call Me Bruce and its primary creators are overdue a reconsideration.
Like their film, Elliott Hong and Johnny Yune are fascinating but largely forgotten. Hong, in particular, is an enigma; it’s hard to find much information about the Korean American filmmaker, though he directed several features—mostly independently produced action movies—beginning with Kill the Golden Goose (1979). They Call Me Bruce’s B-movie trappings—cheap production design, amateur action choreography—tend to fall somewhere between “so bad they’re good” and “just plain bad,” but it’s important to think about the film as a reflection of both its era and its limited budget, both of which have contributed to its neglect.
Yune enjoyed more recognition, and his starring role in They Call Me Bruce was a capstone to what had been an ascendant comedic career. He was also a Korean immigrant, and he got his start in Hollywood appearing in bit roles, including, appropriately enough, as a messenger in Kung Fu, a ’70s television show created by Bruce Lee. Yune’s big break came in 1977 on Johnny Carson’s The Tonight Show, and he became a minor staple of the late-night circuit and even hosted his own short-lived variety show in South Korea in the early ’80s. For a few years, he and Pat Morita were the two most visible Asian American comedians out there. The commercial success of They Call Me Bruce even led to an opportunity for Yune to codirect, write, produce, and star in a surprise sequel, They Still Call Me Bruce (1987), but his credits evaporated soon thereafter.
For They Call Me Bruce, Yune drew heavily from his stand-up act. A few jokes in the movie—including the line “I was once run over by a Toyota; oh, what a feeling!”—came directly from his stage routines. As the Bruce of the title, Yune plays an even more naive version of his stage persona: a well-meaning, self-identified “Oriental” who’s confused about American social (especially sexual) mores. Much of the film’s situational comedy comes out of his stumbling cluelessness.
Amid various pratfalls and one-liners, the comedy also addresses the lived experience of Asian racial stereotyping. As the film’s title suggests, Bruce isn’t the character’s actual name—that’d be Joon, as he reminds Lil Pete—but everyone insists on calling him that anyway. And even though Joon/Bruce reveres Lee, he’s awful at martial arts. In one particularly funny scene, he shows up at a local martial-arts studio and manages to bungle his lessons badly enough for his teacher to lose all semblance of Zen-like patience. However, despite his lack of physical skills, Bruce is savvy enough to use people’s assumptions about him as a form of defense, as when he chases off a mugger by pretending that his body is a lethal killing machine.
They Call Me Bruce is all about playing into and against stereotypes—not just stereotypes of Asians in America but ones of everyone else too. The film features jive-talking Black men, redneck white Southern cops, and a bagel-noshing Jewish gangster with mother issues. Lil Pete and other mafiosos speak with Italian accents so bad, they’d make Super Mario’s Mario cringe. The gender humor is on the same wavelength: one inert running joke asserts that the secret to life is “broads,” and the two primary female characters—one played by Margaux Hemingway—are chopsocky, big-hair bombshells who are barely distinguishable from each other. Most of these jokes haven’t aged well, but they were reflective of American comedies of the time, and it’s not hard to imagine that Hong and Yune were influenced by everyone from Mel Brooks to Richard Pryor.
One reason They Call Me Bruce may be largely invisible within the standard Asian American cinematic canon is that its sense of humor would have run up against the Asian American cultural politics of the film’s own era. As the Criterion Channel’s Asian American ’80s collection highlights, the ’80s were the first decade in which a substantial wave of Asian Americans explored feature filmmaking. Most of those other directors focused on stories about identity, family, and community, all themes well-aligned with social movements of the ’70s. Asian American films, past and present, often incorporate comedic elements but rarely through broad/slapstick approaches. Instead, they tend to work in adjacent genres, including rom-coms (Eat a Bowl of Tea, The People I’ve Slept With, Always Be My Maybe) and family melodramas (The Wedding Banquet, Saving Face, Crazy Rich Asians, Everything Everywhere All at Once). Overall, there hasn’t been a strong tradition of broad comedy in Asian American films . . . at least not yet.
There have been exceptions, of course, especially the popular Harold & Kumar stoner comedies, starring Kal Penn and John Cho (though the films were neither written nor directed by them). Later this summer, Crazy Rich Asians cowriter Adele Lim will release her directorial debut, Joy Ride, which seems firmly in the vein of raunchy buddy comedies like Girls Trip and Bridesmaids.
Bruce Lee himself has been fodder for several slapstick comedies over the decades. Most recently, the Justin Lin–directed mockumentary Finishing the Game (2007) imagined an attempt to recast Lee in The Game of Death after the star’s untimely passing in 1973. And before They Call Me Bruce, there was A Fistful of Yen, a thirty-minute, beat-by-beat spoof of Enter the Dragon featured in the sketch-comedy film The Kentucky Fried Movie (1977), directed by John Landis and written by David and Jerry Zucker and Jim Abrahams.
They Call Me Bruce isn’t a conventional parody, though it nods to many ’70s television shows and movies, including Wonder Woman, Roots, Rocky, and The Godfather. However, as Finishing the Game would do many years later, the film takes a meta approach by acknowledging Lee’s outsize influence and how, as an Asian man in America, Yune’s Bruce has to contend with the reality of being constantly compared to or confused with other Asians. It’s sobering to remember that months before the film was released in theaters, a pair of white men murdered Vincent Chin outside a Detroit bar in an infamous case of racial misidentification. Even if They Call Me Bruce was playing for laughs, its central set-up tapped into a very real and dangerous undercurrent of American social life.
For all these reasons, the film deserves more acknowledgement than it’s usually given. Not only was it likely the first hit movie made by an Asian American team, it was also explicitly engaging with forms of anti-Asian racism. The relevance of its themes continues to remind us of the daily microaggressions that Asian Americans face. More than forty years later, we’re still mistaken for one another, and it hasn’t gotten any easier to laugh that off.
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